Distinction Between Prophetic Jurisdiction and Political Jurisdiction

باسمك اللهم

وصلاتك وسلامك على نبيك وعبدك محمد

وعلى آله وازواجه وذريته

Previously, I introduced my inspired thesis concerning the dual roles of the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم of Prophet and administrator. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم acquired the additional and separate role of administrator of Medina upon the invitation of the Aws and Khazraj, after a process of consultation. After his death, he vacated the office of temporal authority which was succeeded to by his Rightly-Guided Successors. He was not succeeded in his Prophesy, as that would necessitate his successor likewise be a prophet, in contravention of the doctrine of Finality of Prophesy.

There are many examples from the Sirah that can only be explained in light of my inspired thesis and theory of two separate roles for Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم:

In his capacity of political leader, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم negotiated the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. This was a treaty between two parties, namely “Muhammad” and “Quraish”. It consisted of five clauses:

1. They have agreed to ceasefire for ten years. During this time each party shall be secure, and neither shall harm the other. No secret damage - theft or betrayal - shall be inflicted.
2. The people of Muhammad may visit Mecca for Hajj, Umrah or trade and their life and belongings shall be secure, likewise people of Quraish may visit or pass through Medina to Egypt or Syria for trade and their life and belongings shall be secure.
3. And if a man from Quraish comes, without the permission of his guardian, to Muhammad, he shall be returned to them but if, on the other hand, one of Muhammad’s people comes to the Quraish, he shall not be returned
4. Whoever in Arabia wishes to enter into a treaty or covenant with Muhammad can do so, and whoever wishes to enter into a treaty or covenant with the Quraish can do so.
5. This year, Muhammad, with his companions, must retract from Mecca, but next year, he, with his companions, may come to Mecca and remain for three days, yet without their weapons except those of a traveler i.e. the swords remaining in their sheaths.

According to the false understanding that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم acted solely in his capacity of Prophesy, the terms of this Treaty should have been binding upon all Muslims who fall under his Prophetic jurisdiction. But as the example of Abu Basir, Abu Jandal and their camp of Muslims رضى الله عنهم who escaped Mecca illustrates, they were not under the political jurisdiction of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and therefore not bound by the terms of the Treaty he negotiated with Quraish. Even the Quraish understood this fact, for they did not say that Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم had violated the clause of the Treaty which stipulated a ten year ceasefire though Muslims under the leadership of sayyidina Abu Basir رضى الله عنه were actively attacking them, raiding their caravans.